Characteristics of redox processes, thiol system and mucin in the tear fluid in type 2 diabetics

Authors

  • T.M. Zhmud Nikolai Pirogov National Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9306-8674
  • G.I. Drozhzhyna The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy of the NAMS of Ukraine; Odesa (Ukraine)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31288/oftalmolzh2024539

Keywords:

type 2 diabetes mellitus, redox processes, ocular surface, thiol status, mucin, tear, conjunctival impression cytology, Nelson grades, squamous metaplasia

Abstract

Purpose: To assess the characteristics of redox processes, thiol system and mucin in the tear fluid in patients with T2DM.
Material and Methods: Thirty type 2 diabetics (60 eyes) with ocular surface changes were included in the study. Patient eyes were divided into groups based on the bulbar conjunctival changes corresponding to the Nelson grade: group 1 (33 eyes with Nelson grade 2 to 3 changes in the bulbar conjunctiva) and group 2 (27 eyes with Nelson grade 0 to 1 changes in the bulbar conjunctiva). Tear lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities and tear mucin, reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels were determined by routine techniques.
Results: We found alterations in tear redox reactions (LDH, G6PDH and MDH activities), GPX activity and thiol status (GSH and GSSG levels) in the setting of cytological conjunctival changes (i.e., different Nelson grades of squamous metaplasia) in type 2 diabetics. In addition, we found decreased tear mucin levels, which could be associated with alterations in the above biochemical processes and/or cytological conjunctival changes in patients of these groups.
Conclusion: Determining characteristics of tear redox reactions, glutathione system and mucin level can be considered as a method for monitoring the course of ocular surface disease based on the grade of squamous metaplasia of the bulbar conjunctiva in type 2 diabetics.

Author Biographies

T.M. Zhmud, Nikolai Pirogov National Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia

Tetiana M. Zhmud, Cand Sc (Med), and Assistant Professor, Eye Disease Department, Nikolai Pirogov National Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia

G.I. Drozhzhyna, The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy of the NAMS of Ukraine; Odesa (Ukraine)

Galyna I. Drozhzhyna, Dr Sc (Med), Professor, and Chief, Corneal Pathology Department, SI “The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”

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Published

2024-10-29

How to Cite

1.
Zhmud T, Drozhzhyna G. Characteristics of redox processes, thiol system and mucin in the tear fluid in type 2 diabetics. J.ophthalmol. (Ukraine) [Internet]. 2024 Oct. 29 [cited 2024 Dec. 21];(5):3-9. Available from: https://ua.ozhurnal.com/index.php/files/article/view/182

Issue

No. 5 (2024): Journal of Ophthalmology (Ukraine)

Section

Clinical Ophthalmology

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Copyright (c) 2024 Zhmud T. M., Drozhzhyna G. I.

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