Conflicts of interest
Disclosure of Financial and Non-Financial Relationships and Activities, and Conflicts of Interest
These requirements were based on the "The ICMJE updated the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals" developed by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).
Social trust in the scientific process and the credibility of published articles partly depend on the transparency of conflicts of interest at the stages of planning and conducting research, as well as writing, reviewing, editing and publishing an article.
The potential for conflict of interest and bias exists when professional judgment concerning a primary interest (such as patients’ welfare or the validity of research) may be influenced by a secondary interest (such as financial gain).
Financial relationships (such as employment, consultancies, stock ownership or options, honoraria, patents, and paid expert testimony) are the most easily identifiable, the ones most often judged to represent potential conflicts of interest and thus the most likely to undermine the credibility of the journal, the authors, and science itself. Other interests may also represent or be perceived as conflicts, such as personal relationships or rivalries, academic competition, and intellectual beliefs.
Authors should avoid making agreements with sponsors, both commercial and non-commercial, that limit the authors' access to all research data, their analysis and interpretation, and prevent them from preparing and publishing the manuscript with an independent choice of time and place of publication.
Authors must consider and disclose their relationships and activities when fulfilling their roles in the process of article publication.
When authors submit a manuscript of any type or format authors are responsible for disclosing all relationships and activities that might bias or be seen to bias their work.
When submitting a manuscript
DOWNLOAD Conflict of Interest Form to be filled in by the corresponding author.
When submitting a manuscript, the corresponding author fills in the form "DISCLOSURE OF FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL RELATIONSHIPS AND ACTIVITIES AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST", in which he or she includes information about any financial relationship (within the last 12 months) with any biotechnology manufacturer, a pharmaceutical company or other commercial entity that has an interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript.
DOWNLOAD ICMJE Potential Conflict of Interest Disclosure Form to be filled in by an author who has a conflict of interest.
The ICMJE DISCLOSURE FORM is to be completed by each author who has circumstances that may represent an actual and/or potential conflict of interest. If the author does not have such circumstances, this form does not need to be completed.
The ICMJE has developed a Disclosure Form to facilitate and standardize authors’ disclosures. Journal of Ophthalmology encourage our authors to use this form. To use the form: 1. Download the form to your computer; 2. Open the form in Adobe Acrobat Reader, fill it out and then save it to your computer; 3. Submit the form directly to the Journal of Ophthalmology when submitting your manuscript.
In the text of the article
In the text of the article, in the section INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS AND DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION, in accordance with the form "Disclosure of financial and non-financial relationships and activities, as well as conflicts of interest", the corresponding author includes information about any financial relationship (within the last 12 months) with any biotechnology manufacturer, a pharmaceutical company or other commercial entity that has an interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosures will be kept confidential while the manuscript is under review and will not affect the editorial decision. After the manuscript is accepted for publication, all disclosures will appear in the article as "Conflict of Interest" as follows:
Example 1: Conflict of interest:
Author A.A. works as a consultant for "Name of organisation";
Author's husband B.B. is the chairman of the board of directors of "Name of the organisation";
Author V.V. received a research grant from "Name of the organisation";
Author G.G. has received lecture fees from "Name of organisation";
Author D.D. has a patent on "Patent name and number";
Author E.E. has received compensation from "Name of organisation" for participation in several conferences;
Author J.J. has received honoraria for writing promotional materials for "Name of organisation";
Author Z.Z. has no conflict of interest.
Example 2: Conflict of interest:
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest that could influence their opinions on the subject matter or materials described and discussed in this manuscript.
