Investigation of visual acuity in conditions of disturbance in mentally healthy people and patients with schizophrenia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31288/oftalmolzh201447179Keywords:
acuity of vision, schizophrenia, internal noise, noise stabilityAbstract
Purpose. To approve and propose a method of estimation of visual functions in psychopathology, to receive additional signs of increase in the level of internal noise in schizophrenia with its help.
Material and methods: There were examined 41 conditionally mentally healthy examinees and 56 patients of Krasnoyarsk regional psychoneurological clinic with the diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia. There was registered probability of the right answer during presentation of optotypes without noise and with imposing noise of different quality and quantity. There was used fixed noise, in which the size of elementary disturbance made 4*4 pixels, and percentage, in which the size of elementary disturbance was equaled 25 % of the size of Landolt's ring break. The follow-up was carried out binocularly. Visual acuity of all examinees was normal or corrected up to norm.
Results. The most expressed reduction in noise stability in the patients, suffering from schizophrenia, in comparison with the controls, is recorded in presentation of optotypes with imposing 30 % of the noise level with the size of elementary disturbance 25 % of size of Landolt's ring break.
Conclusion. Results of the carried out study allow to make a conclusion of increase of the level of internal noise and accordingly of reduction in noise stability in schizophrenia. Both in the norm and in schizophrenia imposing of stimulus of 30 % and 40 % of disturbance on the image leads to reliable reduction in correctness of answers, accordingly to visual acuity in recognition of the site of Landolt's ring break. In increase in the external disturbance up to 40 % external noise is im- posed on the internal one, the signal is muffled and recognition becomes difficult.That is internal noise is fundamental restriction of perception.
References
1. Glezer VD, Tsukkerman. Information and vision. M. - L.: Izdatelstvo Akademii nauk; 1961. 183 p.
2. Goldovskaia IL. Psychotropic therapy and visual organ. M.: Meditsina; 1987. 128 p.
3. Gurovich IYa, Shmukler AB, Zaitseva YuS. Dynamics of neurocognitive functioning of patients in the early stages of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Zhurn. Nevrologii I psikhiatrii. 2012;112(8):7-14. Russian.
4. Danko RE, Krasilnikov NN, Kuznetsov AV, Litvintsev SV, Malakhov YuK, Shelepin YuE. Efficiency factor of visual perception in healthy observers and patients with neuroses. Opticheskii zhurnal. 1999;66(10):65- 7. Russian. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOT.66.000896
5. Deshkovich AA, Shelepin YuE. Measuring the level of the internal noise of the visual system in its lesions (new method in neuropathy). Combat damage to the organ of vision. Main Military-Medical Directorate of the Ministry of Defense and Military Medical Academy. 2000. 84- 85.
6. Krasilnikov NN. Effects of noise on contrast sensitivity and resolution of the television picture tubes. Tekhnika televideniia. 1958;25:26- 43. Russian.
7. Krasilnikov NN. Theory of image transmission and sensing. M.: Radio I svyaz.; 1986. 247 p.
8. Krasilnikov NN, Shelepin YuE. Frequency-contrast characteristics of the visual system in the presence of interference. Fisiologiia cheloveka. 1996;22(4);33-8. Russian.
9. Krasilnikov NN, Shelepin YuE. Model of the formation of frequency-contrast characteristics of the visual system depending on the retina illumination. Sensornyie sistemy. 1997;11(3):333-9.
10. Lytaiev SA, Shostak VI. Meaning of emotional processes in humans in analyze mechanisms of the impact of different contrast stimulation. Zhurnal vysshei nervnoi deiatel-nosti. 1993;43(6):1067- 74. Russian.
11. Muravieva SV, Deshkovich AA, Shelepin YuE. Magno and parvosistems of the humans and selective violations of their work. Ross. fiziol. zhurn. im. I. M. Sechenova. 2008;94(6):637-49. Russian.
12. Muravieva SV, Shusrov YeB, Sokolov ND et al. Study of monocular and binocular visual acuity under interference. Proceedings of 9th International conference «Applied optics - 2010». SPb.; 2010.
13. Muravieva SV, Shelepin YuE, Deshkovich AA. Visual evoked potentials of human to different contrast chess pattern under interference in multiple sclerosis. Ross. fiziol. zhurn. im. I. M. Sechenova. 2004;90(4):463- 73. Russian.
14. Muravieva SV, Deshkovich AA, Shelepin YuE. Magno and parvosistems of the humans and selective violations of their work. Ross. fiziol. zhurn. im. I. M. Sechenova. 2008;94(6):637- 49. Russian.
15. Trifonov MI, Shelepin YuE, Pavlov NN, Sharevich VG, Popov AV. Study of frequency-contrast characteristics of the visual system under interference. Fisiologiia cheloveka. 1990;16(2):41-5. Russian.
16. Fild D. Matched filters, wavelets and the statistics of natural scenes. Opticheskii zhurnal. 1990;66(9):25- 36. Russian.https://doi.org/10.1364/JOT.66.000788
17. Shamshinova AM. Changing the organ of vision in patients with schizophrenia in the treatment with phenothiazine neuroleptics. Author's thesis. 1972. 22 p.
18. Shelepin YuE. Spatial frequency characteristics and visual acuity of human visual system. Chapter 4 in guidance «Biophysics of sensor systems». Samoilov VO, editor.SPb.;2007. 63-111.
19. Shelepin YuE, Muravieva SV, Deshkovich AA. Visual evoked potentials of human to different contrast chess pattern under interference in multiple sclerosis. Ross. fiziol. zhurn. im. I. M. Sechenova. 2004;90(4):463- 73. Russian.
20. Shoshina II, Shelepin YuE, Konkina SA, Pronin SV, Bendera AP. Study of parvocellular and magnocellular visual channels in normal and psychopathology. Ross. fiziol. zhurn. im. I. M. Sechenova. 2012;98(5):657- 64. Russian.
21. Shoshina II, Shelepin YuE. Contrast sensitivity in schizophrenic patients with different duration of the disease.Ross. fiziol. zhurn. im. I. M. Sechenova. 2013;99(8):657-64. Russian.
22. Shoshina II, Shelepin YuE, Semenova NB, Pronin SV. Peculiarities of visual perception in schizophrenia patients in the treatment with atypical and typical neuroleptics. Sensornyie sistemy. 2013;27(2): 144- 52. Russian.
23. Shoshina II, Shelepin YuE, Semenova NB. Contrast-frequency sensitivity in schizophrenia patients in the treatment with atypical and typical neuroleptics. Fisiologiia cheloveka. 2014;40(1):1-6. Russian.https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119714010150
24. Barlow H. Temporal and spatial summation in human vision at different background intensities // Journal of Physiology. 1958;141:337- 50.https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1958.sp005978
25. Barlow H. Measurements of the quantum efficiency of discrimination in human scotopic vision. J. Physiol. 160:169- 179. 1962.https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1962.sp006839
26. Barlow HB. A method of determining the overall quantum efficiency ofvisual discrimination. J. Physiology. 160:155161. 1962a.https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1962.sp006838
27. Burges AE, Wagner RF, Barlow HB. Efficiency of human visual signal discrimination. Science. 1981;214: 93-4.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7280685
28. Dan'ko RE, Kuznetsov AV, Litvintsev SV, Malakhov YuK, Krasilnikov NN, Shelepin YuE. Efficiency of visual perception in healthy observers and in patients with neuroses. J. Opt. Technol. 1999;66(10): 896- 7.https://doi.org/10.1364/JOT.66.000896
29. Krasil'nikov NN, Krasil'nikova OI, Shelepin YuE. Study of the efficiency of the human visual system in recognizing static images. J. Opt. Technol. 2002;69(6):397- 402.https://doi.org/10.1364/JOT.69.000397
30. Pelli D. The quantum efficiency of vision. Cambridge University Press. 1990. 3-24.https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511626197.003
31. Shelepin Y, Krasilnikov N, Krasilnikova O. What visual perception model is optimal in terms of signal-to-noise ratio? SPIE «Medical imaging». San-Diego.2000;398:27-35.https://doi.org/10.1117/12.383098
32. Silverstein SM, Keane BP. Perceptual organization impairment in schizophrenia and associated brain mechanisms: review of research from 2005 to 2010. Schizophr. Bull 2011;37: 690-9.https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbr052
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 И. И. Шошина, Ю. Е Шелепин, К. О. Новикова
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) that allows users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author as long as they cite the source.
COPYRIGHT NOTICE
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors hold copyright immediately after publication of their works and retain publishing rights without any restrictions.
- The copyright commencement date complies the publication date of the issue, where the article is included in.
DEPOSIT POLICY
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) during the editorial process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Post-print (post-refereeing manuscript version) and publisher's PDF-version self-archiving is allowed.
- Archiving the pre-print (pre-refereeing manuscript version) not allowed.
